{"product_id":"how-should-we-rationally-deal-with-ignorance-a-philosophical-study-paperback","title":"How Should We Rationally Deal with Ignorance?: A Philosophical Study - Paperback","description":"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/reportcopyrightinfringement.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eReport copyright infringement\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eby \u003cb\u003eNadja El Kassar\u003c\/b\u003e (Author)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis book addresses two questions that are highly relevant for epistemology and for society: What is ignorance and how should we rationally deal with it? It proposes a new way of thinking about ignorance based on contemporary and historical philosophical theories.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the first part of the book, the author shows that epistemological definitions of ignorance are quite heterogeneous and often address different phenomena under the label \"ignorance.\" She then develops an integrated conception of ignorance that recognizes doxastic, attitudinal, and structural constituents of ignorance. Based on this new conception, she carves out suggestions for dealing with ignorance from the history of philosophy that have largely been overlooked: virtue-theoretic approaches based on Aristotle and Socrates, consequentialist approaches derived from James, and deontological approaches based on Locke, Clifford, and Kant. None of these approaches individually provide a satisfying approach to the task of rationally dealing with ignorance, and so the author develops an alternative maxim-based answer that extends Kant's maxims of the \u003ci\u003esensus communis\u003c\/i\u003e to the issue of ignorance. The last part of the book applies this maxim-based answer to different contexts in medicine and democracies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eHow Should We Rationally Deal with Ignorance?\u003c\/i\u003e will appeal to scholars and advanced students working in epistemology, political philosophy, feminist philosophy, and the social sciences.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch3\u003eAuthor Biography\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNadja El Kassar\u003c\/b\u003e is Professor of Philosophy, with a focus on theoretical philosophy, at the University of Lucerne, Switzerland. Her research interests include social and feminist epistemology, philosophy of perception, and philosophy of mind. Recently she has published articles on ignorance, epistemic injustice, and intellectual self-trust.\u003c\/p\u003e\n            \u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eNumber of Pages:\u003c\/strong\u003e 262\u003c\/div\u003e\n            \u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/strong\u003e 0.57 x 9 x 6 IN\u003c\/div\u003e\n            \u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePublication Date:\u003c\/strong\u003e May 21, 2026\u003c\/div\u003e\n            ","brand":"BooksCloud","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48368017998045,"sku":"9781032451220","price":126.34,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0811\/9867\/8237\/files\/Kr_nOyMfi_9781032451220.webp?v=1786618596","url":"https:\/\/handfulofbooks.com\/products\/how-should-we-rationally-deal-with-ignorance-a-philosophical-study-paperback","provider":"Handful of Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}